Biology on Drug Abuse and Addiction Essay

Theoretical This paper will talk about what medication misuse and compulsion is. It likewise will examine what impacts that liquor, maryjane, and heroin have on the body. Over the past couple decades sedate maltreatment and fixation is a developing pestilence in the United States. As the years pass by an ever increasing number of individuals are inclining toward medications to cause them to overlook what’s continuing, for no particular reason, or only for individual fulfillment. Individuals never appear to just stress over the inclination they get from utilizing them, yet shouldn't something be said about the drawn out impacts? Shouldn't something be said about the body, the mind, your wellbeing? Well individuals like me need to know the impacts, so I will examine these things all through this paper. There are various sorts of medications and they all have various impacts relying upon how frequently they’re utilized. I will be experiencing a rundown of medications and what sort of impacts they have on your body and cerebrum. This isn’t only a straightforward diagram of them, this is more than that I trust you’re arranged. Medication misuse is a redundancy of use of addictive or unlawful medications. Fixation is as a rule anomalous subject to a propensity. Today tranquilizes appear to turn into the most current pattern. Its vast majority is given for no reason in particular a shot of interest. Else it utilized for progressively mental issues, for example, stress, uneasiness, or despondency. This doesn’t consequently make it misuse and there is no immediate notification of level of medication use to decide the development from easygoing to dangerous. When discussing drug misuse and habit it isn’t about utilization however more on results. On the off chance that your illicit drug use begins to influence your regular day to day existence you in all probability you’re a medication abuser or you have a fixation issue. Medication misuse and compulsion can effectsly affect the mind. These rehashed uses of medications can cause the way your brain’s appearance and capacity. From ingesting medications it can cause a lot of dopamine can be discharged into your cerebrum. Dopamine triggers sentiments of delight, which your mind recalls and needs them to reoccur. On the off chance that you become dependent on any medication it can begin to happen of typical solid things, for example, eating and drinking (non-mixed refreshments). At the point when dependent changes in your mind start to meddle with your capacity to obviously think, practice decision making ability, control your conduct, and feel typical without drugs. Your habit is awful when the inclination is so incredibly solid that your psyche begins to figure out how to deny or legitimize the dependence. Let’s start with liquor. Liquor is a depressant it hinders response time and thinking and other action with the mind. Liquor quickly enters the circulatory system and circles to all pieces of the body inside a couple of moments. At the point when it arrives at the mind it takes out control habitats, causing inebriation. (Hanley Center, 2012, â€Å"Get the Facts about Drugs and Alcohol,† para. 1). The dependence on liquor is called liquor addiction. Liquor addiction is hereditary. With utilization of liquor it can cause numerous mental impacts, for example, to drink to get away from issues, emotions, instability, and so on. Much to their dismay that doesn’t fathom them that lone aggravate those issues. Liquor abuse can cause unhealthiness, shakes, tremors, cerebrum harm, mouth malignancy, disease in the throat, malignancy in the stomach, coronary illness, liver harm, ulcers, and gastritis. There are likewise numerous psychological impacts, for example, Erratic conduct, hindered thinking/judgment, more slow responses, loss of poise, testiness, slurred discourse, twofold vision, debilitated memory, and sorrow. Liquor can cause amnesia, on the grounds that in all honesty the synapses are not slaughtered from liquor; They are obstructed by steroids that are made by the neurons in the hippocampus when a lot of liquor are expend which squares memory arrangement. Weed is a readiness produced using the dried bloom groups and leaves of the cannabis plant, normally smoked or eaten to actuate elation. At the point when cannabis is devoured it enters the circulation system and promptly assaults the cerebrum and sensory system. Maryjane isn’t an energizer, depressant, nor stimulant, anyway it a blend of each of the three. It additionally can be resolved on how the individual who devours it responds from the impacts. Pot is a psyche modifying drug it twists the clients mind. At the point when weed is utilized the synthetic compounds can be situated in the cerebrum from three to about a month and a half and can be identified while getting a medication screen. At the point when weed use is step by step expanding by somebody they may begin getting reliant on it since they like the inclination. Anyway while getting progressively subject to it when they go days without they may experience the ill effects of withdrawal. With withdrawal they may encounter impacts like dozing troubles, apprehension, and emotional episodes. Presently to get increasingly explicit we’ll start with ladies and pregnancy. As per explore it can cause barrenness. Fruitlessness is being not able to become imagine youngsters. Smoking weed while pregnant can likewise cause untimely birth and birth absconds on the unborn youngster. Presently proceeding onward to the men, did you realize that cannabis has been connected to testicular disease? As indicated by the American Cancer Society they found the germ sub-type tumor non-seminoma in men twice as much in men that expend cannabis than in men who didn’t. This sort of tumor is progressively hard to treat and is bound to be found in men in the late youngsters and mid thirties. On to the psychological issues, cannabis can cause transient memory, state of mind swings, debilitated response time, high peevishness, a sleeping disorder, tension, wretchedness, neurosis, disap pointment, and disarray. Heroin is an exceptionally addictive pain relieving drug got from morphine, frequently utilized illegally as an opiate delivering elation. At the point when heroin is infused into the body it arrives at the mind anyplace somewhere in the range of seven and eight seconds. Heroin can take prompt impacts on your body considerably after modest quantities of admission. Heroin is a depressant. Heroin discourages the piece of the cerebrum that controls the â€Å"survive† capacities. A few capacities are breathing and hacking. What heroin never really body is that it deceives it to discharge hormones that stop agonies, and ones that cause joy. The individual who is taking the medication encounters elation or extraordinary bliss. More impacts of this medication are troubles to pee, withdrew students, and diminished breathing and pulse. As heroin turns out to be to a greater degree a propensity for individuals it turns out to be a lot of costly. When dependent on heroin the client needs to utilize this medication each eight to twelve hours or they can experience a genuine of reactions. The impacts that happen when the client doesn’t get what their dose is called withdrawal. While experiencing withdrawal the client encounters fever, chills, sickness, loose bowels, and muscle fits. The indications typically last anyplace between five to seven days. Additionally while encountering withdrawal it can prompt sentiments of nervousness, extreme torment all through the body. Since the body turns out to be so connected to the medication that when they abandon they can possibly kick the bucket, so it is significant for a junkie to go detox facility or emergency clinic to get dosages of methadone for some time so they can wean themselves from heroin. In addition to the fact that heroin affects you inside, it impacts remotely too. Some physical impacts are: Sleepiness, skin injuries, dying, slow breathing, and fallen veins, heart harm, lack of healthy sustenance, AIDS, pallor, demise. It generally is by all accounts the individuals who’ve never experienced chronic drug use and misuse that rush to make legends and gossipy tidbits about it. The principal fantasy is â€Å"Overcoming fixation is just an issue of self discipline. You can quit utilizing drugs on the off chance that you truly needed to.† That isn’t valid. At the point when you use drugs for such a long time the cerebrum is changed so much that it makes it hard for the client to stop. The subsequent legend is â€Å"Addiction is a sickness: there’s nothing you can do about it† despite the fact that this is viewed as a malady it doesn’t mean you’re serious that’s why there are recovery focuses and substitutes to help wean you off the medication you are on. My three is â€Å"Addicts need to wind up in a real predicament before they can get better.† Actually you can begin recouping from a dependence whenever, and the previous the better. Fantasy f our is â€Å"You can’t power somebody into treatment: they need to need help.† Individuals don’t must be your own decision to be finished. Much of the time the ones who are pushed by their families are well on the way to proceed with it. To wrap things up â€Å"Treatment didn’t work previously, so there’s no point attempting once more. â€Å"Recovery is a protracted recuperation once in a while there are difficulties yet backslide doesn’t make it fruitless it just gives them motivation to improve. A few signs and manifestations of medication misuse are the point at which you start to disregard obligations, when utilizing drugs under awful conditions or facing challenge while under impact, when the medications you use are pushing you into difficulty, and when the medications are messing relationship up. A few signs and manifestations of medication misuse are in the event that you have increased a medication resistance, you consume medications to ease withdrawal, you have no control on your medication utilization, your life is gradua lly beginning to spin around drugs, you begin to forsake exercises you used to appreciate, and the duration of medications significantly after you discovered what they do to you. References Robinson, L., Smith, M., M. A. (2012) †Drug Abuse and Addiction. Signs, Symptoms, and Help for Drug Problems and Substance Abuse, Retrieved from http://www.helpguide.org/mental/drug_substance_abuse_addiction_signs_effects_treatment.htm Wade, C., Tavris, C. (2010) . Brain science. California: Prentice Hall

Changing Flora and Fauna in the Canadian Arctic

Japanese watch showcase review Results for the monetary year finished March 31 show that watch deals at Japans Big Three watch firms drooped for the second back to back year as the Great Recession kept on smothering interest for mid-evaluated watches. By and by, the watch divisions at Citizen, Seiko and Casio stayed beneficial. For the organizations all in all, lone the Citizen Group detailed a benefit for year; Seiko and Casio both revealed misfortunes. Seiko In the watch divisions, the hardest hit was Seiko, producer of Seiko, Pulsar, Alba and authorized brand watches; watch deals fell 31 percent to 64.5 billion yen ($693 million) for the monetary year. Two years prior, Seikos watch deals totaled  ¥117.2 billion. From that point forward, they have fallen an amazing 45%. Seiko now positions third among the Big Three as far as watch income. Seiko Holdings Corp. said working salary at its Seiko Watch Corp. auxiliary expanded 38 percent to  ¥2.2 billion ($23.6 million). In contrast to Citizen and Casio, Seiko Holdings gave no announcement examining the money related outcomes. Resident Watch and clock deals at Citizen Watch Co. fell 6.7 percent in the monetary year to  ¥123.6 billion ($1.33 billion). With respect to Japanese market, Citizen said in an explanation that the moderate recuperation in utilization and different factors under winning financial conditions made for an exceedingly troublesome deals condition particularly for premium-evaluated items for the initial 75% of the year. Abroad, deals in Asia, especially China, were strong and a long ways in front of the earlier year, Citizen said. In the North American market, the biggest for this business, troublesome conditions proceeded through the principal half, yet offered route to a quicker than-anticipated market recuperation in the subsequent half and deals development for Eco-Drive and other high worth included items, Citizen said. Resident said deals at its Bulova Corp. auxiliary in the United States dropped for the year, in spite of the fact that Bulova posted more grounded second half deals because of expanded deals of mechanical watches and other separated items. Working benefit in Citizens watch and clock section rose 7.1 percent to  ¥9.7 billion ($104.2 million). Casio Deals of Casio Computer Companys watch division fell simply 2.8 percent to  ¥78.1 billion yen ($839 million). Deals of non-radio-controlled watches were influenced by the brutal market condition in the main half, Casio said in an announcement, yet deals of radio-controlled watches were solid, especially Casios high-esteem included brands, for example, G-Shock, Oceanus, and Edifice. Casio doesn't uncover the working pay of its watch division. Its general gadgets portion, which incorporates watches, revealed a  ¥19.9 billion misfortune ($213.8 million). Notwithstanding, Casio noticed that watches remained profoundly productive. Watches speak to just a part of the deals of every one of the three firms. At Citizen and Casio, watches beat different divisions. Net deals for Citizen Holding Co. Ltd. dropped 14.9 percent to  ¥252.5 billion ($2.71 billion). Net gain for the Citizen Group stayed stable at  ¥3.5 billion ($37.6 million). Net deals for Casio in general dropped 17.4 percent to  ¥427.9 ($4.60 billion). For the year, Casio announced lost  ¥21.0 billion ($226.0 million). Casio said the essential driver of the misfortune was a sharp decrease in deals of phones. Net deals at Seiko Holdings Corp. expanded 33% to  ¥230.7 billion ($2.48 billion). The expansion, nonetheless, is expected completely to a revamping of the Seiko Group in October that made Seiko Instruments Inc., one of the gatherings two significant assembling units, an auxiliary of Seiko Holdings. SII included  ¥85.0 billion ($913.6 million) to Seiko Holdings deals. Without SII, Seiko Holding deals would have declined by 16 percent for the year. Seiko Holdings detailed a total deficit for the time of  ¥3.6 billion ($39 million). Enormous Three Watch Sales 2006-2010 (billion yen) Resident Sales Casio Sales Seiko Sales Motivation behind Marketing Plan The motivation behind composing an advertising plan is to give a nitty gritty report of our new item in the market. Beginning from item characteristics, finding our reasonable objective markets, the advantages that our objective clients will get, choosing proper appropriation channels to make our item effectively open, examining the present circumstance examination of our objective markets, investigation of our rivals, and the proportion of market which they have captured.Designing an advertising blend, estimating procedures, Marketing destinations and as needs be making promoting systems. Statement of purpose With in this limited ability to focus time we have increased a decent verbal exchange by giving better quality solid items. Creative, present day, up-to-date are for the most part engaging attributes that epitomize Integrals structure. Dreams and standards can't be acknowledged by methods for regular thoughts and advances. That is the reason our way to deal with advancement is to define a difficult objective and tackle it from each conceivable viewpoint until what basically cannot be done completes. We Updates you with time Organization profile à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¢ Organization name Bingo Watches. Promoting Plan for Power Disk Watch N$B 3 MR. Uzair Zaheer is CEO of the organization. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¢ MR. Aamir Latif is Managing Director of the organization. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¢ MR. Majid Ali is GM of the organization. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¢ MR. Arslan Khurshid is Marketing Director. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¢ Organization item name is Power Disk Watch. Status of the organization Bingo began their business in 2001 from the significant urban communities Lahore, Islamabad, Karachi and for as long as five years our organization has been of delivering following items à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¢ wrist observes (Computerized and Analog) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¢ Extravagant divider timekeepers (Digital and Analog) With in this limited capacity to focus time we have increased a decent verbal exchange for our quality items which we have been creating as indicated by the market likings. Presently we are going to dispatch another imaginative, earth shattering, new special item in the market which is at present not accessible so we are having no contenders for our new item called Power Circle Watch. Market status of the organization Promoting Plan for Power Disk Watch N$B 4 Our organization chiefly centering in Pakistans advertise, our items are being utilized in Pakistan. The altruism of our items is high in the market. Because of market review we have an enormous amount of steadfast client just as potential costumers. There is nonstop correspondence with the client (advancement) to build the quality and execution of existing items. Based on past understanding there are acceptable desires with the new item Power Disk Watch. Item Attributes Calfskin and chain lashes: This item will be accessible for clients in veritable calfskin and chain (titanium) lashes relying upon watch model. Mp3 player: It has a form in MP3 music player which will be an energizing advance for fun admirers of various ages. Voice recorder: Watch likewise can record voice messages, theres a little, touchy mouthpiece at the base of the watch. It very well may be utilized as a covert operative recorder. Worked in equalizer: There is a worked in equalizer in this item which will empower the clients to change to various methods of inherent equalizer for example rock, delicate, pop, move, exemplary, level Memory space Battery: Advertising Plan for Power Disk Watch N$B 5 Work in 170mAH, 3.7V Hi Li-particle battery-powered battery. Contingent upon the model its memory space differs for example 128MB, 256MB, 512MB, and 1GB Night mode: At the point when it turns dull the watch arms and fastens consequently begins sparkling so one can undoubtedly work. Weight Speed: Weight of the gadget is 50-80g (Varies with structure and shape) and the speed is USB 1.1 (Max 5Mbps). Bolster bit rate: Bolster bit rate is 32kbps-256kbps. Light markers: It has distinctive sign lights to demonstrate charging, Mp3 player on/off. Play time: Utilizing this watch clients can play ceaselessly for 10~12 hours. Framework support: Windows 98 or above. Various arrangements: Advertising Plan for Power Disk Watch The watch handles various configurations like MP3, WMA, and WAV records for playback. Fitting and play: For windows over 98 there is no compelling reason to introduce driver simply plug furthermore, play. Steps of Marketing plan 1) Situational Analysis 1) Micro Environment 2) Macro condition Smaller scale Environment Smaller scale factors are the variables that straightforwardly impact our organization. The principle small scale factors are: 1Intermediaries (Suppliers/Distributors) 2Customers 3Competitors (direct/backhanded) P o te n tia l E n tra n ts S u p lie rs B u y e rs S u b s titu te s In d u s attempt Full scale Environment Promoting Plan for Power Disk Watch N$B 7 1)- Demograhic Environment Demography is the investigation of human populace as far as age, sexual orientation, family size, family life cycle, training and populace age blend. Pakistan is one of the third world nations with a populace of 15.50 billion out of which 48% are guys and 52% are females. 55% of the populace includes in horticulture. The proficiency rate in low for example 39% and populace rate is 2.3% every year. The vast majority of the populace lives in provincial zones however movement rate is high. The per capital pay is $480 per individual yearly. Lahore is probably the biggest city of Pakistan. The objective of our watch is youthful age maturing from 20-35 yet at the same time watch is being utilized by folks also. 2)- Economic Environment In underdeveloped nations, a huge piece of the pay of individuals is spent on the fundamental needs, so its the most touchy condition where the pay level is low, working class is contracting, riches circulation is inconsistent and sparing rate is low. The individuals are either exceptionally rich or extremely poor. Also, their utilization conduct differs appropriately. 3)- Technological condition In Pakistan, there are less chances of advancement are accessible because of the absence of research. Anyway it likewise relies upon the organizations that the amount they lean toward the exploration and custome

Assessing the Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on the Economy Essays

Evaluating the Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on the Economy Essays Evaluating the Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on the Economy Essay Evaluating the Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on the Economy Essay Branch of modern relations and open organization Lagos state college, Ojo, Nigeria.. Unique The system of banking part changes prompting recapitalization and combination in Nigeria and the subsequent merger as well as procurement of existing banks into twenty five (25) by 2005, and later eighteen (18) by 2012 brought along their path chaperon work issues regarding instructive assorted variety, professional stability and profitability, tolerable business questions.The study audit post union execution of the financial division to survey the degree to which the segment meets solidification target utilizing post improvement approach. It was discovered that while the collusion and marriage of apparently perfect accomplices are settling down, the general public is forced to bear the severance of work and the augmentation of the pool of held armed force of the jobless. The drop out consequently is twofold edge for the economy and the general public. Watchwords: Labor changes, recapitalizati on, combination and post improvement 1. 0Introduction Private and open organizations are constantly being tested by execution. Execution achievement is exceptionally insignificant estimated on the records of what Alos (2006) classified as: what the client needs and qualities, reaction to natural changes and effect on the nature of the individuals. The issue of execution viability or reengineering association has distracted the psyches of association specialists, analysts and watchers since 1990s. Accordingly, everywhere throughout the world, numerous economies had completed different changes to guarantee viability of the 166 European Scientific JournalMay version vol. 8, No. 9 ISSN: 1857 †7881 (Print) e ISSN 1857-7431 genuine divisions. The presentation insurgency began in the private area. Its belongings spread to the open area impacted by thoughts from open administration school. Nigeria as a country isn't forgotten about in this change upheaval to guarantee personal satisfac tion for its populace. Legitimate and institutional systems were set up to re-engineer the economy and the presentation estimations of the genuine areas. The blue print of the present changes motivation is set out in the National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS) document.Some of the changes incorporate (1)power area change; (2) ports changes intended to guarantee convenient freeing from merchandise inside forty eight hours (3) deregulation of oil and gas sub-division to prevent perpetual fuel shortage; (4) deregulation in the media transmission industry to lessen government cooperation, make work and trade (5) the financial sub-part/recapitalization/union to make it assume its legitimate job as the prevailing segment of the economy in driving development and improvement in other segment. The present financial segment changes inscribed as recapitalization arrangement was given out on Tuesday July 6, 2004.Capitalization is setting the capital base whereupon a play er can set up and be authorized to work banking capacities. It is setting a capital base which was given as twenty five billion naira (N25b) as at 2005. The previous capital base was two billion Naira (N2b), which numerous banks couldn't manage. In Nigeria, observational examinations had been done on the connection between banking changes and monetary development (Balogun, 2007, Fadare, 2010); combination and full scale financial execution (see Somoye, 2008); solidification and reception of e-banking (Ayo, Adewoye and Oni 2010; Chimeke, Evwiekpaefe, and Chete, 2006).The ramifications of banking changes on work has barely been inquired about. The primary target of this examination is to survey the financial area changes 2004 †2011 and the degree to which the goals set are met and furthermore, the ramifications of the changes on work as respects business: security, conventional work, employees’ fulfillment and the results of these factors for the general public. 2. 0 Liter ature Review and Theoretical Framework Consolidation just intends to expand on or improve to the degree of security Adeyemi (2007) considers it to speak to the possibility of venture and the meeting up of firms or undertakings as a solitary entity.In the financial area of Nigeria the substance of banking union 167 European Scientific Journal May release vol. 8, No. 9 ISSN: 1857 †7881 (Print) e ISSN 1857-7431 is to reposition the countries banking industry for worldwide seriousness and furthermore to guarantee a solid and dependable financial division that will ensure the wellbeing of the depositors’ cash. Solidification as a methods for decreasing over limit is dubious (Somoye 2008).The adequacy of banking division union as a solution for budgetary strength and in rectifying the deformities in the money related segment for reasonable advancement had not been supported by comparative exercise in Europe, America and Asia in the most recent decade (Somoye, 2008). Or maybe, emergencies and disappointments as delineated by credit emergencies and transoceanic home loan budgetary strife ejected which, in Nigeria, genuinely influenced put away cash esteems explicitly, stock values.Rather than rebuilding prompting decrease in over limit as showed by solidification theological rationalists, an improvement technique that would oblige the assets accessible and extend them is upheld by inside instigated union defenders. The financial sub-area in Nigeria saw sharp drop in credit rate to the genuine division which influenced return on shareholders’ subsidize (Adeyemi, 2007). Credit went more to remote trade instead of the genuine areas. The limit of genuine division to produce work weakened.The access of little and medium endeavors (SMES) and the casual segments to credit additionally dwindled (Somoye, 2008; NDIC, 2008; CBN, 2008). Organizing to the business analysts is adjusting to the requests of progressively worldwide markets for more noteworthy effici encies. Humanist consistently see the social effect, explicitly the social issues incited by externalities which brings about social disturbance particularly the negative impacts on level of employer stability, duty, mental prosperity and turnover intentions.The impact of these on association effectiveness, as opposed to reformist proposition might be negative. Matanmi (2005) saw a yawning hole between the quick or momentary impacts of monetary changes and the essential beliefs of professional stability. He reasoned that the capacity of changes to make work over the most recent multi decade had been not many and far between. Adeyemi (2007) likewise concurred that financial changes in Nigeria brought about occupation misfortune, difference level of pay and compensation bundle for various consolidating gatherings and board room quarrels among inner circles of the blending banks. . 1 Theoretical Framework Post advancement approach is a response to the dilema of improvement. Rather than wealth, talk and systems of improvement produce its inverse: underdevelopment and 168 European Scientific Journal May release vol. 8, No. 9 ISSN: 1857 †7881 (Print) e ISSN 1857-7431 impoverishment, untold misuse and suppression. (Sidaway 2008). The post advancement theological rationalist case that change realized by innovation or driven by the west would constantly meet with dissatisfaction with respect to the individuals of creating nations. 2. 2Banking Sector Reforms in Nigeria Banking activities started in 1892 claimed essentially by ostracizes (Somoye, 2008). They remained anyway unregulated until 1952 (Fadare, 2010). There were extensions with indigenous possession by 1950s. Notwithstanding, a significant number of the banks flopped somewhere in the range of 1947 and 1952. The principal guideline of banks was set up by Banking Ordinance of 1952. This was inadequate as there was no Central Bank until 1958 to complete directing or control measures. Bank proprietorship stru cture moved by 1970s with indigenization order. This permits progressively Nigerian interest in the banking industry.The Nigerian endeavors advancement Decree (NEPD) limits outside responsibility for organizations to 60% in 1972 and 40% in 1976. The 1990’s change took into consideration 100% individual possession which was a move from existing 10% for singular proprietorship and 30% for corporate possession. This prompted the expansion of banks. Banking sub part recapitalization strategy was given out on Tuesday, July 6, 2004. Capitalization is setting the capital base whereupon a player can set up and be authorized to work banking capacities. Recapitalization is setting another capital base.The substance is to combine the part to upgrade seriousness and ability to assume significant job of financing speculation (Somoye, 2008). Union which may bring about increment in bank size through merger and procurement has the capability of expanding bank returns through increment incom e and cost productivity gains. It might likewise diminish industry hazards through the disposals of frail banks and make better expansion openings (Furlong, 1998). Recapitalization approaches set twenty five billion Naira (N25b) as the new least capital base for banks working in Nigeria.The previous capital base was two billion naira (N2b) and numerous banks couldn't meet this. The target of recapitalization is caught in the legislative head of Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Charles Soludos words hence the financial change is to: (1) reposition the countries banking industry for worldwide intensity; (2) guarantee a solid and dependable financial division that will ensure the security of the contributors cash; (3) assume dynamic advancement job in the nations’ economy; 169 European Scientific Journal May version vol. 8, No. 9 ISSN: 1857 †7881 (Print) ISSN 1857-7431 (4) (5) make the banks less subject to open part subsidize, and be equipped for financing the genuine area (N ew Age Apri17, 2005). A period

Comparison of Governmental Policies of India and China Regarding Essay

Correlation of Governmental Policies of India and China Regarding Economic Progress and Social Wellbeing - Essay Example This paper is perhaps the best case of similar monetary examination of the administration inclusion in advancing financial development in China and India from 1950s to 2010s. Endeavors to improve the social, financial and political frameworks in the nations around the globe lies on the hands of the political pioneers speaking to these sovereign states. Be that as it may, this duty doesn't lie exclusively on one explicit system of administration. Rather, it relies upon the recorded setting of issues and approaches that a progression of governments in the nations set up. The best economies around the world subsidiary their financial solidness with the key committed support of the past government foundations in the countries’ history. Ideal instances of nations with improved financial status are China and India. In any case, the degrees and systems utilized in these states vary. Also, the social prosperity of the residents of every one of the named nations contrast considerably. China and India have long monetary accounts. A progression of difficulties presented by the global monetary powers may have assumed a central job in the advancement of counter-procedures in the two nations. Chinese government has been dynamic in guaranteeing that the social government assistance of the residents turns into a need. For example, the Indian government encouraged the moderate advancement of the economy in spite of expanded suggestions by prestigious economies. The rate at which two governments encouraged modern improvement contrasts generously.

Independent Growth Through Gendered Alternate Universes Peter and Wendy and The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe - Literature Essay Samples

A common theme in children’s literature is the presence of a strange, mysterious, alternate universe only accessible and comprehensible to children. This theme is often used to encourage young readers, especially those of twenty-first century society, to use their imagination and explore the world around them rather than engage in electronic devices. Two popular pieces of children’s literature, C.S. Lewis’ The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe and J.M. Barrie’s Peter and Wendy portray the emotional, behavioral, and social growth in which children experience when they independently enter alternate universes. Child characters in both texts confront new societies that are heavily associated with gender roles and moral codes, which initially intimidate and startle them. However, once accustomed to such principles, the children portray significant growth as they successfully display behaviors and actions of older, more emotionally developed children without the presence or guidance of their parents. Child characters quickly familiarize themselves with gendered landscapes and settings of alternate universes. The interior sectors of such universes often include domestic enclosed settings, which portray a sense of feminine warmth, safety, and containment, while the exterior sectors may include expansive, uncovered, and often hazardous settings, which portray a sense of danger, vulnerability, but also primitive, masculine intrigue: â€Å"There have always been separate spheres of gender power†¦ the opposition between the two spaces (exterior – masculine, interior – feminine)† (Georgakis 10). There are distinct differences between interior and exterior spaces, like females and males; therefore the binaries must associate with each other. The stark contrast between the interior and exterior sectors of children’s literature also have deeper psychological ties, as Anne Lundin, author of Constructing the Canon of Children’s Literature explains, â⠂¬Å"landscapes are always dual†¦ the external is the one we see the topology of the land as well as its inhabitants, the weather, seasons†¦ the second landscape is interior—a projection of a part of the exterior landscape†¦ â€Å"The heart’s field.†Ã¢â‚¬  Lundin’s naming of the interior sector as the â€Å"heart’s field† ties into the sensitive, nurturing, and motherly expectations of female characters within children’s literature as the name itself translates to an emotionally protective hub for all members of the alternate universe. In J.M. Barrie’s Peter and Wendy, central female character Wendy Darling finds comfort within her own domestic setting in London, which causes her to associate herself with domestic settings in the alternate universe of Neverland. Along with the lost boys, Peter, and her two brothers, Michael and John, Wendy creates a warm and comforting underground atmosphere where they all shelter themselves at night. Wendy portrays her close relations to domesticity and nurture as she expresses to her youngest brother, Michael, â€Å"I must have somebody in a cradle†¦ and you are the littlest. A cradle is such a nice homely thing to have about a house,† and how the interior of the underground home â€Å"had become a very familiar scene† to her (Barrie 160). In children’s literature it is quite common for female characters to provide a nurturing domestic space and to maintain some form of order in a universe where disorder is strongly present. Wendy exemplifies this trait as she makes sense of the disorderly and chaotic nature of Neverland by finding and creating comfort within the lost boys’ underground home. In C.S. Lewis’ The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe, Lucy, initially the only child granted access to the alternate universe of Narnia, physically enters through an old wardrobe: â€Å"She [Lucy] looked back over her shoulder and there, between the dark-tree trunks, she could still see the open doorway of the wardrobe and even catch a glimpse of the empty room which she had set out† (8). The wardrobe is an enclosed, interior â€Å"hub of the house† where â€Å"there exists a center of order that protects the entire house against uncurbed disorder† (Bachelard 79). Entities of nature also appeal to female characters as Lucy is immersed with nature the instant she enters Narnia. She establishes a heartfelt relationship with Mr. Tumnus, a hybrid between a faun and a man: â€Å"Lucy found herself walking through the wood arm in arm with this strange creature as if they had known one another all their lives† (Lewis 14). Lucy is later befriended and aided by Mr. and Mrs. Beaver, whom are both civilized and materialized yet still animals and parts of nature. At the time of entering Narnia, Lucy finds comfort in her surroundings as she encounters objects and creatures of nature. Female characters in Peter and Wendy and The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe therefore find solace in spaces of domestic enclosure and natural purity due to the binding of innocence and safety with femininity. As stated above, the exterior sectors of alternate universes in children’s literature are often associated with masculinity. In J.M. Barrie’s Peter and Wendy, Peter, John, and Michael share similar affinity with adventure and the outdoors. When Peter appears at the Darling household and persuades the children to go to Neverland with him, John and Michael express interest despite Wendy’s hesitation: â€Å"‘I say,† cried John, ‘why shouldn’t we all go out!’ Of course it was to this that Peter was luring them. Michael was ready: he wanted to see how long it took him to do a billion miles. But Wendy hesitated† (100). The Darling boys’ excitement towards escape from domestic confinement and venturing to the mysterious, unpredictable landscape of Neverland demonstrates the strong affiliation between males and the exterior world. In The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe, Aslan portrays pride, strength, and confidence through his exterior presence, most notably his mane. When the White Witch temporarily triumphs Aslan, she commands her servants to shave off his mane: â€Å"Watching from their hiding-place, [Susan and Lucy] could see the face of Aslan looking all small and different without his mane. The enemies also saw the difference† (Lewis 153). By stripping Aslan’s mane, Aslan is temporarily stripped of his pride and dominance, which further symbolizes an act of emasculation. Therefore, the concept of the exterior is strongly associated with the male gender in children’s literature. Landscapes and settings act as a catalyst for child characters when they are placed into unfamiliar situations in alternate universes. Female characters are often dominant over males when placed in an interior setting. In Peter and Wendy, Wendy obtains the role of the mother in the lost boys’ house underground. The lost boys cry out to Wendy, â€Å"O Wendy lady, be our mother† (Barrie 131), and later provide complete, undivided attention to Wendy as she tells them a bedtime story: â€Å"‘Listen then,’ said Wendy, settling down to her story, with Michael at her feet and seven boys in the bed. ‘There once was a gentleman†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Barrie 164). The male characters in this story, most notably the lost boys and the Darling boys, naturally treat Wendy as their own mother, which ultimately grants Wendy a significant amount of authority over them. Wendy’s motherly status within the lost boys’ household demonstrates her ability to dominate over male characters within a feminized setting. On the other hand, male characters receive moral righteousness and authority when they triumph over evil figures and forces in exterior spaces. In The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe, Aslan defeats the White Witch in a vast exterior battleground setting. Narnia’s cold winter landscape created by the White Witch’s curse is diminished, allowing the warmth of spring to finally appear: â€Å"they saw the winter vanishing and the whole wood passing in a few hours or so from January to May. They hadn’t even known for certain (as the Witch did) that this was what would happen when Aslan came to Narnia† (Lewis 123-124). Aslan’s domination over the White Witch portrays a message that morally righteous male characters triumph over evil female characters when placed in an exterior masculine setting. Characters in secondary worlds therefore display particular behaviors due to the settings in which they are placed. Child characters experience social and emotio nal growth in alternate universes when they innately apply particular behaviors and actions based on their physical setting. In other words, they experience a slight coming of age, which often includes sexual advancement as well. In Peter and Wendy, Wendy portrays a sense of female sexuality during a conversation with Peter in the underground house as she asks him, â€Å"What are your exact feelings for me?† This question indicates a sense of sexual maturity as she develops genuine feelings for Peter, who is clearly less developed and rather intimidated by her question as he responds â€Å"looking a little scared,† â€Å"It is only make-believe, isn’t it, that I am [the lost boys’] father?† (Barrie 161). Peter’s hesitation and anxiety suggests that he has not yet accomplished the sexual maturity that Wendy has. Therefore Wendy is able to demonstrate a form of female sexuality within a domestic setting in which she is the dominant mother figure. Social and emotional maturity is also gained when child characters triumph over evil beings in exterior settings. Peter Pevensie exhibits such development in The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe when he kills the White Witch’s wolf during his first battle in Narnia. Aslan congratulates Peter on his victory as he states, â€Å"Rise up, Sir Peter Wolf’s-Bane. And, whatever happens, never forget to wipe your sword† (Lewis 133). Peter is praised with honor and righteousness by killing the evil Wolf in a setting occupied by other evil creatures, which therefore demonstrates psychological growth through recognition of moral codes in the alternate universe. Children experience emotional, behavioral, and social growth in alternate universes through familiarization of gendered settings and moral codes. In the children’s literary texts, Peter and Wendy and The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe, child characters enter alternate universes that are considerably different from their primary worlds in terms of appearance, logic, and rules. When children are placed in such universes, they quickly attach themselves to an aspect that they can relate to, which in both texts are interior and exterior settings and landscapes. By relating to the settings they encounter, children establish gender roles and adhere to moral codes. Both texts encourage child readers to independently explore the unfamiliar, adapt to proper conducts and achieve comfort and stability in their own society: â€Å"adults do not make the world better or safer for children; children themselves shoulder the responsibility for learning how the world works† (Murray 191). Through Peter and Wendy and The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe, child characters demonstrate such abilities through association and recogniti on of gendered settings and moral codes. This process is not easy or enjoyable at times, which only strengthens and deepens the emotional, behavioral and social abilities of the children, ultimately benefiting them for the adventures of adolescence and adulthood that lie ahead.

The Climactic Battle of World War ll - Free Essay Example

The Climactic Battle of World War ll Stephen E. Ambrose was an American historian and biographer that wrote bestselling novels on American military history and on the lives of Nixon and Eisenhower. He originally studied pre-med at the University of Wisconsin then transferred over to study American history at Louisiana State University and earned his M.A. Later, he returned back to Wisconsin to get his Ph.D. Ambrose served several years as a professor at the University of New Orleans spending his time writing over 20 bestselling books. He retired as the founder and director of the Eisenhower Center and the National D-Day Museum in New Orleans. Ambrose communicates his ideas in his book, D-Day June 6th, 1944: The Climactic Battle of WWll, through drawing on over 1,400 interviews from American, British, French, and German veterans personal experiences on D-Day. The book begins at midnight on June 6, 1944 when the first American and British airborne troops invade France. Ambrose focuses on the focal 24 hours that made D-Day and moves through the perspectives of a French child, Supreme Commander, American paratrooper, German sergeant, Field Marshal, and General. Through these perspectives, he portrays the faces of those that day that demonstrated courage and heroism, fear and determination that shaped the victory of the citizen soldiers whom Hitler disparaged. The story opens on June 6th and ends at midnight on the 7th where the reader is left feeling relieved that the future of Europe will see liberation from the Germans. Preceding D-Day, the Germans are both the most and least prepared for the battle. Their biggest crutch being their assumption that the battle will not take place in Normandy. On the other hand, Americans are training vigorously with their newly abundantly supplied weaponry from the rebuilt American industry. They train intensively and proceed to Normandy under Eisenhowers command, despite extreme weather conditions. Paratroopers drop in France overnight and Allied bombers attempt to soften the invasion beaches to no avail. Many miss their targets and arriving troops that day are met with unexpected force. The beaches are lined with mines and barbed wire. Different American sites face different victories and defeats. Gold beach, a British landing sight serves as the most successful invasion. On the Germans end the Atlanti c Wall is pierced and they lose at having any kind of effective counterattack. Greater mobility, initiative, and limitless weaponry lead the Allies to overall victory on the close of D-Day. The methodology approach Ambrose took towards this book was to study and give insight to military history. Ambroses intent according to the American Historical Review was to provide a popular, up-to-date version of the invasion and to have it serve as an inspiring reminder of what democracies, when roused, can accomplish. Not only does Ambrose approach the combat side of war. but also the topics and mechanics of war that are rarely discussed. Such as (but not limited to) the role of American women in the factory, the broadcasts of Axis Sally, recognizing African- American role in the invasion, and discussing individual insights at specific locations throughout the battle. His book completely delves into D-Day discussing the ins and outs of the invasion, recognizing the heroes that led the invasion to victory, and bringing to the surface the mechanics that lead the battle to be successful. Stephen Ambroses passion for military history and accessibility to the Eisenhower Center allowed him the access to primary documents from personal interviews of those involved in the invasion. He collected primary documents from Forrest Pogue, a well renowned American historian that was offshore on June 6th interviewing wounded men. Ambrose also collected first hand accounts of the Normandy assault from The Longest Day by Cornelius Ryan. From these and other sources, Stephen gathered over 1,380 oral stories to depict the war as accurately as he could. All the sources he gathered, being majority primary, and previous knowledge he had obtained from writing his various other books allowed him to create a strong and provoking thesis and account of D-Day. According to academic and scholarly review, Ambrose excels at providing new perspective behind the execution of D-Day. American Historical Review states that even the most knowledgeable historian will gain new insights. from Ambroses book. Ambrose took a topic already well study, and adds to the facts a sense of emotion through the use of personal interviews and accounts. It allows the reader to not only study the actions that took place, but also to be behind the minds of leaders like Field Marshal Rommel or German tactical commander. The book looks at the assault from a completely different point of view than most historians would choose to take on. Furthermore, Ambrose doesnt sugar coat the logistics of the battle in the book. He provides his own bias on what made the battle successful. This in turn provoking thoughts of other historians, that despite Ambroses traditional take on the topic, still cant deny his significant theme. The American Historical Review and Foreign Affairs both agree that Ambroses novel provides a compelling and unique outlook of what happened on June 6th, 1944. The American Historical Review specifically reports that although Ambrose mastered a compelling theme in his story, the book also contained few disputable points. The specific example being Ambroses argumentative opinion on whether or not the Atlantic Wall was one of the greatest blunders in military history. The statement ignoring the fact that Germany caused a logistic crisis that sent Europe into a prolonged war in the next year. His accusation that Axis soldiers spent majority of their time building defense barriers also swings wide from the complete truth. Despite subtle points like these, that most historians would disagree with, most all historians will agree that Ambrose took a an idiosyncratic approach to bringing to life the stories of the men and women that fought vigorously for their country in the invasion of D-Day . Ambrose, Stephen E. D-Day June 6th, 1944: The Climactic Battle of World War ll New York: Simon Shuster Paperbacks, 1994. D-Day, June 6, 1944: The Climactic Battle of World War II Summary Study Guide. https://www.bookrags.com/studyguide-d-day-june-6-1944/#gsc.tab=0 (accessed November 15, 2018). Maxwell, Kenneth. The Future of the Western Hemisphere: A Shared Vision toward 2015. Foreign Affairs vol. 73, no. 4 (2000): page 172. Stephen E. Ambrose. D-Day. https://www.worldwar2history.info/Band-of-Brothers/ambrose.html (accessed November 10, 2018). Stephen E. Ambrose. D-Day June 6, 1944: The Climactic Battle of World War II. New York: Simon and Schuster. 1994. Page 655. $30.00. The American Historical Review, 1995.

Hinduism And Buddhism What Is Hinduism - 1986 Words

Hinduism and Buddhism What is Hinduism? ‘The religion life of India is like the river Ganges. It has flowed along for thousands of years, swirling from its own power, but also from the power of new streams that have added to its force’. (pg 78 Fifth edition Experiencing the world’s religions, traditions, challenges, and change) Hinduism, is the main religion of India and is the worship of numerous gods with a faith in a solitary celestial reality. Hinduism has numerous divisions of religion, but they have a related family of beliefs. Information about this religion can be describe to us by learning about the ancients scriptures of India called The Vedas. They give detail data about gods, and devotion during the Vedi period. The Vedas teachings were preserved only in oral form for numerous years, but at a later point were transcribed down, so they could be passed down to others generations. The Vedas are the earliest sacred texts of Hinduism and it means â€Å"knowledge† or â€Å"sacred lore†. There are four basic sacred books: 1. Rig veda is basically a collection of at least one thousand chants that were used for the Aryan gods. 2. The Yajur Veda contains detail instructions for recitation to be done during a sacrifice. 3. The Soma Veda is basically music used during the vedic chants. 4. The Atharva Veda is prayers and charms. Now there is one more called The Rig Veda and according to our text book â€Å"it has an account of the origin of the universe. The universe is said to haveShow MoreRelatedHinduism And Buddhism And Hinduism1641 Words   |  7 PagesSo far we’ve learned about Hinduism and Buddhism in India two of the most common religions found in India. One of the many things about learning about different culture is the religion that is come with. Religion is one of the many things that are unique to each and every culture. Religion views are what make a group of individuals come together and form a community. In core 7 we are learning about Hinduism and Buddhism learning about India and their religion views has helped me see the world inRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism948 Words   |  4 PagesBoth Hinduism and Buddhism came from the region called India. Hinduism was the dominant one in the subcontinent, while Buddhism had to flee to other regions to spread its belief to the people. The creation of Hinduism will eventually give birth to Buddhism later on. Even though both â€Å"religions† came from the same region, they have some similarities and differences between them. Hinduism from the start was a combination of different beliefs or ceremonies from the Indus Valley Civilization. All ofRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism995 Words   |  4 PagesCompare and Contrast Essay Hinduism and Buddhism There are more than seven billion people living across the world and about 19 major religions with about 270 subgroups. In many states and countries, there are two or more religions that are being practiced by its residents. Hinduism and Buddhism are two of the 19 major religions, that are widely practiced. Hinduism and Buddhism both have common origins, and share similar beliefs. Both Hinduism and Buddhism are religions that focus on the way to liveRead MoreHinduism vs. Buddhism Essay627 Words   |  3 PagesHinduism and Buddhism are two of the most interesting religions in the world. To date, people still practice these religions in varying parts of the world. Although originating from the country of India, some have difficulty in differentiating between the two. Although Hinduism and Buddhism share many similarities, they are also different. What is Hinduism? Hinduism, the largest of the eastern religion and one of the oldest in the world. (Curry). Hinduism denotes the reli gions of majority ofRead MoreHinduism and Buddhism: History and Modern Appeal1696 Words   |  7 Pagesestablished religions, Hinduism and Buddhism have their similarities, as well as differences. Both religions are practiced in Southeast Asia, starting in India and have influenced each other. Hinduism dates back to 5,000 years ago, while Buddhism was created three centuries ago. I will explore what the two religions share and what separates the two from one another covering the origins, number of followers, the texts used, and the belief system followed. Origin of Hinduism Hinduism is one of the oldestRead MoreHinduism and Budhism: Two of the World ´s Largest Religions1201 Words   |  5 Pagesthese Religions are Hinduism and Buddhism. While some do not see these as extremely prominent, they are pinocle belief systems in the Asian continent, with over 1 billion followers all together. (Feldhaus) These two religions along with few other traditional Asian belief systems are very different from traditional western belief systems in ways of their origins, practices and philosophy.(Chen) What is it that makes these Asian religions different from western religions? What is similar and differentRead MoreHinduism, Buddhism, and Shinto1049 Words   |  5 PagesHinduism, Buddhism and Shinto, while vast in differences there is much to learn about these three religions similarities as well. Some facts and history of Hinduism include, Hinduism (being the oldest of the three) is dated back in pre-history before 10000 BC even believed to predate the Indus River V alley Civilization! The Vedas (the holy text of Hinduism) is the foundation for Indian culture and also the basic belief system of Hinduism. The basic belief structure of Hinduism is as follows, theRead MoreThe Goals of Hinduism and Buddhism Essay1368 Words   |  6 Pages2. Hinduism and Buddhism are traditions that originated from the Vedic sacrifice practice, and they share a common foundation in their view of existence. What are the similarities, and very importantly, the differences in their respective focuses and goals? Also included in this topic: For a time, Buddhism became a dominant tradition in much of India, but then Hinduism rose to become the dominant tradition. There are relatively few Buddhists in India today, especially in comparison to the numberRead MoreThe Spread of Hinduism and Buddhism in Southeast Asia Essay1413 Words   |  6 PagesHinduism is a very popular religion in India, being that it could possibly be the oldest religion of all time and originated in India, the Hindu population in India is 80%. With Hinduism being such a popular religion, it competes with Christianity and Islam at 900 million followers of Hinduism worldwide (Miksic, 10). As for the popularity of Buddhism, it is not nearly as prevalent as Hinduism is, even in India. A very important attribute to Hinduism is the caste system. The caste system is comprisedRead MoreSiddhartha Gautama, Siddhartha And The Country Of Nepal1464 Words   |  6 PagesSiddhartha is a compound of Sanskrit words, sidd and artha. Sidd meaning Perfection and Artha meaning to have a goal, so the overall meaning of Siddhartha is the one whose goal is perfection. He was born in a second highest caste in a Hindu family. In Buddhism, Siddhartha is not considered to be a god; he is just a person and only is considered to have certain abilities, as an extraordinary human. He was kept inside the kingdom until the age of 29, and at that time Siddhartha became very unsatisfied with

4 Reasons Why Trees Drop Nuts Early

Sometimes nut-bearing trees, such as hickory, walnut, and pecan, drop their fruit before full maturity. At times, it can be a natural shedding of a portion of the nut crop. Other causes can be more problematic, including adverse weather conditions, poor tree health, inadequate  pollination, insects, and disease. How Nut Trees Set Fruit Most nut-bearing trees have male pollinators and female flowers, both called catkins. Female flowers produce nuts during the current seasons growth and have to survive through that years growth before the crop of nuts is set. Not all flowers on a tree will produce a nut each year; in fact, they may alternate years.   There can be several natural nut drops between mid-Mays pollination through the end of Augusts fruit set, and they can be minimized by proper tree fertilization. For example, if a tree wasnt adequately pollinated or didnt have enough potassium to set good fruit, there will be nuts that may be malformed with few seeds inside (fruits on the tree grow but embryos inside dont develop). The tree will drop this fruit early because its not biologically sufficient for the trees reproduction. The tree will concentrate its energy on growing fruits that are going to set good seeds. A Trees Physical Condition Poor tree health can cause premature dropping of nuts. A trees health is often compromised because of inadequate nutrient uptake, which is most evident during drought. Insect and disease infestations increase during these times of tree stress and can further degrade a trees condition, especially if trees are growing in poor soil. Any early defoliation will cause nut drop and low-quality fruit. Water and fertilize your tree adequately to make sure it has the proper nutrients to set and grow its fruits. Weather Influence on a Trees Nut Crop Excessive rain or frost during late spring/early summer pollination will cause inadequate pollination of female flowers. Those poorly-pollinated flowers may produce a nut that will drop early or produce no nut at all. Sometimes, male pollen can mature either before or after the female flower is receptive, and this condition is usually weather-related. An extended drought during nut growth may also result in the dropping of tree nuts, particularly if the plant is in sandy soil that dries out quickly. Thats a resource competition drop, or a so-called June drop, as the tree is concentrating its energy on the number of nuts it can support.   Mechanical injury to leaves, flowers, and nuts from hail and wind may cause premature dropping as well. Insects and Diseases of Nut Trees Early pecan scab infection of young nuts will cause nuts to drop and is a major cause of pecan crop failure. Black walnut is highly vulnerable to anthracnose, and the disease is of much concern in commercial orchards. Leaf diseases in nut trees such as scab, scorch, mildew, blotch, brown spot, and downy or vein spot may also cause nut shedding. The pecan nut casebearer probably causes more nut shedding than all other insects combined in pecan orchards. Codling moth causes significant premature nut drop in black walnut groves. Other insects, such as black aphids, walnut caterpillar, shuckworms, stink bugs, and pecan weevils may cause early nut dropping. Avoid using pesticides during flowering, as chemicals can kill beneficial insects and result in inadequate pollination.

The Paradox Of The Hero - 1484 Words

The Paradox of the Hero in Paradise Lost What exactly is a hero? A common pedestrian might say a hero is someone who goes out of their way to help people. A child may say that a hero is someone who performs valiant deeds. Merriam-Webster Dictionary itself has 3 definitions of a hero: â€Å"a person who is admired for great or brave deeds or acts,† â€Å"a person who is greatly admired† and â€Å"the chief male [or female] in a story, play, movie etc.† (Merriam Webster Dictionary). In a literary situation, a hero is defined as one with certain traits that follows the epic hero cycle. The epic hero cycle is a common literary tool used throughout the ages in famous epics, such as The Iliad and The Odyssey. It follows a simple pattern; a strong person, usually male and of noble birth, journeys on a long and treacherous quest, encountering many mythical beings along the way, and usually hitting a snag before their victory. John Milton’s Paradise Lost follows th e exact same pattern, except with a character no one would expect: Satan. Satan exhibits many of the traits an epic hero while at the same time following the traditional epic cycle. Although he is not seen as a hero by many, Satan is indisputably the hero of Paradise Lost who follows the epic cycle down to the last detail: he is a powerful supernatural being of noble birth that is tasked with a long and treacherous quest and tested within that quest before his victory. The quest that Satan takes on is not the standard â€Å"save theShow MoreRelatedElucidation Regarding the Stages Set by Fair is foul, and foul is fair (I: i, 10), in William Shakespeares The Tragedy of Macbeth1076 Words   |  5 Pagesand bad is good; however, it actually implies that one cannot assume anything. The paradox displays the style and diction that Shakespeare continues to utilize throughout the tragedy. His style and diction supports the paradox as it creates confusion that causes the audience to recall that nothing can be assumed. In addition, it allows one to expect other paradoxes along with imagery that further supports the paradox, â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair† (I: i, 10). The style Shakespeare utilizes createsRead More Heracles as a Paradox in Women of Trachis1531 Words   |  7 PagesHeracles as a Paradox in Women of Trachis Using the portrayal of Hercules in Sophocles tragedy Women of Trachis, a puzzling image of the Greek hero emerges. Most of the myths of Heracles portray him as a fierce warrior, tamer of beasts and a master of everything he attempts. This myth however, shows honorable traits juxtaposed with very negative aspects of the same man. Heracles is a paradox because even though he is a very great man and ideal hero, in some ways he is savage, highly emotionalRead MoreBackdrop Addresses Cowboy Analyses1101 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Backdrop addresses cowboy by Margaret Atwood The male hero could be said to be portrayed in Atwood’s poem â€Å"Backdrop addresses cowboy† by the cowboy. The cowboy is a clichà ©d symbol of masculinity made famous by the Western film industry of America. One can immediately conjure him up, square-jawed and handsomely rugged in Stetson and spurred boots, galloping around on his trusty steed rescuing damsels in distress with whom he intends on riding off romantically into the sunset with. This is howeverRead MoreJohn Milton s Paradise Lost985 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Milton’s Paradise Lost is a paradox of morality and character definitions. After reading multiple articles, the largest concerning topic was the hero status of an inherently evil character. The issue lies within defining what a hero is and is not in terms of epic poetry. John Milton’s refusal to clarify a hero shows this paradox he has created is a something that he meant to achieve. According to Mary Nyquist in The Father s Word/Satan s Wrath, â€Å"The text seems here not just to invite, butRead MoreSoren Kierkegaards The Iliad, By Simone Weil1349 Words   |  6 Pageswhich they have come to posses, that they are no longer empathetic. This then turns the individual into an instrument of the force, thus making the individual with power and the individual without both subjugated to the force. This is where the paradox occurs, force in itself cannot be possessed but instead possesses those who wish to wield, turning the individual into an instrument (15/69). In this sense force levels the playing field. The blindness that comes with the use of force â€Å"establishesRead MoreTheorist : Philip Zimbardo s `` The Lucifer Effect ``984 Words   |  4 Pagesand the hero. 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Investment in South Africa - 1213 Words

Caltex plant was established in South Africa in 1977 after the owners decided to expand its operations in South Africa. The construction of the plant brought controversy over the interested parties, there were two dimensions of the utilitarian benefits of the Caltex plant, and there were violations of the justice and of moral rights whereas on the other side there were possible benefits to the South Africans. The plant setup was helpful in that it provided job opportunities to majority of South African blacks, for their families and dependants. By 1976, American companies in south Africa had employed more than 60,000 people, this ensured that they had something to rely on for their survival, another benefit is that Caltex provided support†¦show more content†¦For the second resolution, that asked Caltex not to sell to the police or military of South Africa, again I will vote for the stand, investments in South Africa were not meant to improvise or innovate on new ways of fur thering apartheid; it should stop selling the oil to the forces. This will ensure any expenditure on death, violence, segregation and unwarranted imprisonment is cut down to earth, my vote will be a strong position irrespective of amid protests from other majority shareholders. There are expectations that bureaucracy in the government will maneuver its way to ensure sales to oil the military and police, since the military and the police were the heartbeat of unlawful apartheid, any action separating Caltex from their operations will be a huge boost to the south Africans. For the third resolution, I will vote for the implementation of four tutu principles, though the principles are moderate, they were aimed at blackmailing the government in apartheid by submissions of articles cleverly written, though the clause on unions brings controversy as they may ultimately become political platforms. The managers of Texaco and So Cal should have been human and make resolutions to vote as I wo uld have voted, all human beings are equal and none should suffer on only because the other party has a comparatively advantageous position. 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Race is ever where Essay Example For Students

Race is ever where Essay Everywhere you go, everywhere you look, there is always somebody different. The American society focuses on that person, or group of people. They make them feel worthless and treated them like animals. Imagine walking down the street and having people stare at you or call you Names, or talk behind your back. Imagine not knowing the time because nobody will tell you. Why wont they tell you the time, or spare you some change? Because youre black, actually, because youre skin is a different color, or religion. All the characters we have read experience some from of racism none more then Othello. People that are angry or upset say most racist comments in the play. For example, when Emilia found out that Othello had killed Desdemona she was extremely mad and she called Othello a Blacker devil, this was the only time in the play that she had said anything racist about Othello. The main characters that have racist attitudes are Iago, Brabantio, Roderigo and Emilia, with the hatred of Othello as the basis for their racist actions and comments towards him. Iago is the most racist character in the book as he has it in for Othello right from the start. What sparks off Imagos hate towards him is the fact that when Othello chose his lieutenant, it was Cassio who was chosen instead of Iago. What made Iago angry was the fact that Cassio had no experience in war when he did and Cassio was chosen instead of him. Iago does not say anything racist to Othellos face but he has a lot to say against him behind his back. He schemes to destroy Othello and anything in his way including Cassio and Desdemona. The first time we hear one of his racist comments is when hes talking to Brabantio about Othello and Desdemona, Iago uses racist comments all the way through the play, as he tries to turn people against Othello, for example calling him a Barbary Horse. He never says anything racist to Othellos face because in his plot he had to be his best friend, so as not to make him suspicious that Iago was causing all the trouble for him. Iago is jealous of Othello for many reasons; one being that Othello has higher ranking in the army than him, and also he has a good marriage with Desdemona which Iago does not have himself with Emilia. These are the main causes of his hatred for Othello and the reason he adopts such a racist attitude. Roderigo is another one of the racist characters in the play, being so right from the start. He is Imagos accomplice and will do anything that Iago wants him to. I think he does this because of the way Iago can twist a situation to make it sound as if R oderigo would get something good from it but in the end he doesnt. One of the racist names he calls Othello behind his back is Thick-lips. He hates Othello because hes jealous of him as he also loves Desdemona but cannot have her. I dont think he views Othello in a very bad, racist way but uses the racism against Othello because hes jealous of him. Neither Roderigo nor Iago would say anything racist to Othellos face, as he is the General of the Army. Brabantio is also a racist character, and is enraged when he finds out that his daughter, Desdemona, has been seeing the moor behind his back. Brabantio is so mad he sends out his guards to catch Othello and put him in prison. Brabantio views Othello as a foul and dirty no good black, I think this racist view of his is because hes angry when he finds out that his daughter has been seeing this moor. Unlike Iago and Roderigo, Brabantio will openly make racist comments about Othello to his face such as, lascivious moor, and Wheeling strang er. Brabantio can do this because he is the Senator of Venice and is higher in rank than Othello. The other character who is racist towards Othello is Emilia, the lady in waiting to Desdemona. Emilia is disgusted with Othello when she finds

Sample on Strategy Management of McDonalds Fast Food Company

Question: Describe about the Strategy Management for McDonalds. assignment requires to choose the retail company. Answer: Executive Summary This report contains an analysis of different strategies that can be employed by McDonalds in their operations for sustainability. It analyses the mission, vision and objectives of the company. Besides, the macro-environment has also been analyzed critically by the application of the PESTEL model and Porters five factor model. Internal factors have also been analyzed in the form of a SWOT analysis. The models applied in this report are essential in strategic management and they have been crafted to fit the operations of different organizations. Lastly, recommendations have been provided on how the strengths the company has can be utilized while minimizing the effects of the companys weaknesses. Also, there are recommendations on how the company can seize opportunities and evade possible threats that may be harmful to business. Strategic Purpose Strategic Purpose of the Organization Various business aspects are covered by McDonalds vision and that is evident in their vision statement. The company embraces innovation because they need to satisfy their customer needs, and that is why they say they need to enhance the contemporary customer experiences. Their vision has a strategic link to it and that is why the company is ever improving their products to suit the current and future market needs (McDonalds UK, 2016). They are determined to create products that will give satisfaction now as they work towards improving the products to give the market the quality of products they would need in the future. This shows that the main strategy to keep this reality is by embracing innovation which the company does effectively. Also, the mission of the company as clearly stated in their mission statement is to provide a conducive environment for their customers to eat and drink while offering the best working conditions to the employees. Also, it includes the corporate social responsibility by clearly stating that they would like to have a positive impact in the environment (McDonalds UK, 2016). These are factors that are strategic since they help the company to have a humble experience in the society and in so doing, they gain popularity and increase their sales. Compatibility between Strategic Statements and Functional Objectives of the Company From the vision and the mission statements discussed above, it can be deduced that there is a relationship between the statements and the functional objectives of the company (Dey, 2016). This is so because, McDonalds has managed to fulfill its promise to the market in offering the best quality food that they need and an ample environment from which the consumers can enjoy their meals.Besides, it has managed to give people good working experience by providing conducive environments from which they work. Their corporate social responsibility is also on point because they have activities that work towards improvement of the environment. External Analysis Macro-Environment Analysis (PESTEL Analysis) McDonaldscorporate strategies address the different issues that are discussed in this PESTEL analysis. This model analyzes the external factors that that present different opportunities and threats to the business. McDonalds is mainly focused on the socio-cultural and economic factors. Nonetheless, the companys success can be attributed to the effective strategies that have been employed by the company to deal with the external factors (Leekha Chhabra Sharma, 2014). Since the company is the biggest fast food outlet, McDonalds needs to adapt its strategies to suit the ever changing industry. Political Factors Political factors play a vital role in the operations of a business. This relates to many factors that are politically influenced. For instance, when an organization wants to enter the global market, it needs to have strategies that will make it successful in such an environment (Shilei Yong, 2009). In McDonalds case, the political factors include: increase in international trade agreements, which is an opportunity; the pending tax reforms which also is an opportunity and the changing public health guidelines and policies, which pose a threat to operations in the industry. The political factors have enabled McDonalds to expand in many international markets due to political stability (Verma, Gupta Nangia, 2014). Also, the company has an opportunity to strategically change its operations to minimize the impact of taxation without necessarily violating the law. However, there is a threat of the public health policies which are increasingly discouraging people from consuming junk and fa st food. Nonetheless, the company has a chance to change and improve its products to be healthy. In this analysis, the political factors opportunities outweigh the threats that are posed by the policies. Economic factors Economic factors address the wider economy. The economic factors include the growth rate of the economy, inflation, unemployment, costs of raw materials and energy costs among others. Changes and shifts in these factors affect the operation of an organization. Economic changes across the globe influence McDonalds working environment because it operates in different markets. The slow but steady nature of the US economy gives an opportunity to the company. McDonalds has a potential to grow because of the nature of the economy of the state. Another factor is the stable but risky economy in Europe (Sardar Talat, 2015). This poses a threat to the companys expansion in the region. Also, in Asia there is a rapid growth of the economy and it is offering opportunities to the local population. This is also a threat to McDonalds expansion in the Asian market. Analysis of the economic factors shows that the economy as an external factor poses a threat to the business (Bernhardt, et al., 2015). Socio-cultural Factors The analysis of social cultural factors refers to the social conditions that favor or limit the business of the company.Socio-cultural factors involve shared or common attitudes and beliefs of a population. They also refer to how the population reacts to trend changes. For McDonalds, the external social factors include: First, the widening wealth gap. This brings opportunities for the company to increase revenue due to an increased customer base. Since the company targets the middle and the low income earners, this creates great potential for growth. Secondly, cultural diversity gives the company an opportunity to improve the product mix to suit the diverse market (Brown, Bessant Lamming, 2013). This is also an opportunity since it increases the companys revenue through more sales. Lastly, there are lifestyle and healthy trends, which give the company an opportunity to improve healthfulness of its products. The analysis of the socio-cultural factors gives the company more opportunit ies than threats and hence an increased chance for future business. Technological Factors The technological factors also play a vital role in the success of a company. The ever changing technological techniques offer opportunities to those companies that also grow with the technology while the ones that do not improve their technologies are threatened. Such factors as improved communication, production techniques and distribution channels impact a business greatly. For McDonalds, research and development activities help the company to come up with improvements that enhance efficiency. Also, automation by the company helps in increasing production and hence a larger market is easily satisfied. Moreover, online marketing and sales increase the market base for the company (Erickson, 2016). Generally, the technological factors existing offer the company an opportunity for better business. Self service is one of the operational functions that technology enhances. Self service creates efficiency for both the organization and the customers. Also automation makes the production o f different products easy and faster. This improves the general performance of the organization. Ecological Factors Factors like climate change affect the business negatively hence posing a threat to the company. Although, emphasis on strategies that emphasize on sustainable business offers an opportunity, and also the increased corporate environmental activities help in popularization of the company. The company has a CSR policy because it is concerned with the environmental matters (Stembridge, 2014). The company encourages reusing of waste products to protect the environment. Also, they engage in occasional activities that clean the environment. Legal Factors Legal factors act as threats more than opportunities to a business. For instance, regulations limit operations of a company. The new minimum wage levels in the US affect the company negatively since they increase the operation costs, also the animal welfare regulations also threaten the business because they produce animal products too (Pingali, 2016). Legal factors are a major threat because they keep on changing and what is legal today may be illegal tomorrow making business difficult. These factors offer different opportunities and threats to the company. Since McDonalds is still a leader in the fast food restaurant business, it can be ascertained that they have the right strategies to tackle the challenges that are posed by these factors. Besides, the company can also seize the opportunities that the factors bring due to their strategic positioning. The analysis shows that there are opportunities that the company can use to gain a competitive advantage in future and that is how the company can be sustainable into the future. Also, the company should lay down strategies that deal with threats that these factors offer. Porters Five Force Factors Analysis McDonalds exhibits different levels of strength in the five forces. This model analyzes the most effective factors that directly or indirectly affect the business. For McDonalds, the focus is on the fast food industry. The companys success in the industry indicates that, effective strategies are being utilized to manage the external forces that may negatively affect business (AzadiRahimzadeh, 2012) Competitive Rivalry (Strong Force) The company faces stiff competition because the fast food restaurant industry is already saturated. Some of the players in the industry include KFC, Dominos, and Pizza Hut among others.For McDonalds, the external factors that create a strong force include the high number of competitors, the level of aggressiveness of the competitors and low switching costs. All these pose a threat to the company since they are strong forces and entry is easy for other firms. Bargaining Power of Customers (Strong Force) Customers have a chance to easily impose their demands on the company since switching costs are low. Moving from one restaurant to another is easy. Also, the large numbers of service providers acts as a threat to their operation and customers can influence their operations (Rosenberg, 2015). In addition,availability of substitutes give customers the strength to bargain since they can readily get substitutes of what the company offers, hence the bargaining power of customers is a strong force. Bargaining Power of Suppliers (Weak Force) The bargaining power of suppliers does not affect the companys operations. This is due to the large number of suppliers of raw materials in the market. Also, there is an abundance of the supplies that the company utilizes which makes it possible for them to have options to choose the best bargains. This is a weak force and it gives an opportunity to the company to cut costs. Threat of Substitutes (Strong Force) The analysis of this force focuses on the effects of the availability of substitutes on the firms performance. High performance, low switching costs and substitute availability are strong forces that influence the operations of McDonalds. This factor is harmful to business although the company has managed to retain its popularity in the industry for long (Dey, 2016). Such a force can be managed through strategies like product quality enhancement and improvement. Threat of New Entrants (Moderate Force) In all industries, the threat of new entrants exists. It is a force that threatens the market base of a business. In the case of McDonalds, the force is not so strong because there are some limitations in terms of costs. These costs relate to capital, switching costs and brand development. McDonalds is already popular and there are minimal chances of new entrants taking over their market space. Besides, McDonalds has developed a loyal customer base. Again the high cost of capital does not allow new entrants to invade the market easily and that is why this force is moderate and is controllable by the company. Internal Analysis Strategic Capabilities. Organizational Capabilities and Core Competences The company has different capabilities that enable it to manage the operations of the company such as having a secret recipe, core intellectual assets, a strong value chain and other capabilities and core competences are discussed below. Secret recipe-McDonalds has a secret recipe that cannot easily be imitated. They have strict confidential contracts signed by people who offer their services. Core intellectual assets-The employees in McDonalds are trained in the way the organization operates and how to prepare different products. Quality is highly upheld and they are highly motivated. Strong value chain-The organization has a strong value chain, which helps in the achievement of the companies objectives. Financial physical assets and technology-The Company has a huge asset base and that makes its expansion easy because of the competitive advantage it enjoys. In addition, it employs technology in most of its activities and that makes it have superior products. Business Functions Analysis The main business functions include, administrative functions, franchising, which is a kind of business model that gives different organizations a right to use their brand name and business model for a specified period of time, human resource, supplies and product development. These functions are essential and helped the organization to gain the success that it enjoys currently. Although there are other functions, the ones mentioned are the ones that promote the strategic wellbeing of the organization. Basis of Competitive Strategy The generic strategy the company uses is the one of cost leadership. The company engages in cost minimization so that their products can have low prices. This strategy has helped the company in market penetration. The company operates on position 2, 3 and 4 which are, low price, hybrid and differentiation. Innovation and creativity are the practices that enhance the companys competitive advantage (Wittmann Reuter, 2008). Strategic Choice and Strategy Evaluation Key Direction of Future Growth It is essential for McDonalds to grow its business and possibly diversify because of the changing trends in the business environment. Changes like peoples tastes and preference, production techniques and environmental conservation policies affect business. This can be done by exploring new products and new markets. The Ansoff matrix can be applied in the process to come up with suitable strategies for improved business operations (Richardson Evans, 2007). Market Penetration Market penetration involves the presentation of the existing products to an already existing market (Taylor, 2012). McDonalds has chicken products, Hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, desserts and salads. The strategy for market penetration for the new products is offering them at a reduced price (Goldman, Nieuwenhuizen, 2006). This strategy is effective for the penetration of a new and existing market since people like to spend little and gain more. New Product Development The company has always provided innovative products to its customers. This relates to unique recipes that they employ in the production of their products. McDonalds seeks innovation from one market and employs it in the rest of the worlds markets. This strategy is a little risky but it has helped the company to build its over 47 million customers across the world. The strategy is the one responsible for the companys growth. New Market Development McDonalds is a global company and its franchise system helps it to reach its customers in the international market. The organization has over 31000 outlets and is operational in 119 countries and still is expanding (Pride Ferrell, 2010). The franchise system, the company is successful in entering new international market and the strategy has proven to be significantly effective. Diversification Diversification is a marketing strategy in which an organization engages in exploring markets which in which it has not been having operations (Taylor, 2012). It is difficult for the company along its normal operations to diversify. The franchise system is not suitable for diversification since the processes involved may be long and insignificant. The strategy employed is the acquisition of other companies with different products. For instance, McDonalds acquired some stake in Chipotle Mexican Grill Pert a Manger and Donatos Pizza. This is the strategy that can work for diversification since the company has a competitive advantage. Ansoffs Matrix Analysis This is a strategic planning tool that is used by marketing managers and other executives in coming up with ways they will operate in the future. The option in the matrix chosen is market penetration strategy. Suitability The strategy employed by McDonalds in market penetration is taking in new products to existing markets at low prices and that edges competition making it a suitable strategy (Richardson, Evans, 2007). Acceptability The strategy is acceptable because, the company operates at low costs and that gives them a competitive advantage over other players who have high operational costs. Feasibility The strategy is feasible because the company has a huge financial asset base which enables it to enter the new markets at low prices without significant effects on their financial status. Conclusion and Recommendations McDonalds has different strengths which enable it to survive in the competitive fast food industry. Having a strong financial base enables them to navigate through various economic cycles. To reduce risks, the company should diversify since it has a high financial asset base. The nature of the food that the company produces acts as a weakness because there are campaigns against fast foods in the world. The company should start producing healthy products that will help them remain afloat in the market. Also, all legal requirements should be fulfilled to reduce risks. There is an opportunity in the fast growing fast food industry because people dont have time to prepare their food and so this opportunity should be used by the company to increase its business. Besides, the company should explore green energy which will help in conservation and reduction of costs. The threats the company faces include competition, public health matters and environmental issues. Competition can be edged b y improving quality while public health and environmental matters can be resolved by having the right certifications and processes. Bibliography Azadi, S, Rahimzadeh, E 2012, 'DEVELOPING MARKETING STRATEGY FOR ELECTRONIC BUSINESS BY USING MCCARTHY'S FOUR MARKETING MIX MODEL AND PORTER'S FIVE COMPETITIVE FORCES', EMAJ: Emerging Markets Journal, 2, 2, pp. 47-58, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 29 June 2016. Bernhardt, A, Wilking, C, Gilbert-Diamond, D, Emond, J, Sargent, J 2015, 'Childrens Recall of Fast Food Television AdvertisingTesting the Adequacy of Food Marketing Regulation', Plos ONE, 10, 3, pp. 1-12, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 29 June 2016. Brown, S., Bessant, J. R., Lamming, R. 2013. Strategic operations management. Routledge. Dey, K. 2016. The fast food industry in the UK. Analysis of McDonalds with PESTEL, VRIN and Porter's Five Forces. 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Australia: South Western Cengage Learning Richardson, M, Evans, C 2007, 'Strategy in Action Applying Ansoff's Matrix', Manager: British Journal Of Administrative Management, 59, pp. i-iii, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 29 June 2016. Rosenberg, M. 2015. Strategy and sustainability: a strategic logic for engagement with the environment. Palgrave Communications, 1. Sardar, R., Talat, M. A. 2015. What managers believe as important while recruitment in fast food industry within Norway: A case study of Burger King and McDonalds. Shilei, L, Yong, W 2009, 'Target-oriented obstacle analysis by PESTEL modeling of energy efficiency retrofit for existing residential buildings in China's northern heating region', Energy Policy, 37, 6, pp. 2098-2101, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 29 June 2016. Stembridge, A. F. 2014. Strategic planningThe basic steps. In International Forum Journal (Vol. 4, No. 2). Taylor, EC 2012, 'COMPETITIVE IMPROVEMENT PLANNING: USING ANSOFF'S MATRIX WITH ABELL'S MODEL TO INFORM THE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT PROCESS', Allied Academies International Conference: Proceedings Of The Academy Of Strategic Management (ASM), 11, 1, pp. 21-27, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 29 June 2016. Verma, A., Gupta, A., Nangia, G. 2014. Study of Various Adaptation Policies by Companies to Compete At a Global Scenario. Global Journal of Finance and Management, 6(7), 615-618. Wittmann, R. G., Reuter, M. P. 2008.Strategic planning: how to deliver maximum value through effective business strategy. Philadelphia, Kogan Page Ltd. Zhao, Z, Zuo, J, Wu, P, Yan, H, Zillante, G 2016, 'Competitiveness assessment of the biomass power generation industry in China: A five forces model study', Renewable Energy: An International Journal, 89, pp. 144-153, GreenFILE, EBSCOhost, viewed 29 June 2016.